Herbert Pell person
also: Herbert Pels, Pell, former U.S. ambassador to Hungary, Bertie Pell
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Related entities (most co-mentioned)
U.S. State Departmentorganization · 31Franklin D. Rooseveltperson · 25Green Hackworthperson · 23United Statescountry · 23United Kingdomcountry · 10United Nations War Crimes Commissionorganization · 10Henry Morgenthau Jr.person · 8West Germanycountry · 8Holocaustevent · 5Lawrence Preussperson · 5Warren Commissionorganization · 5Soviet Unioncountry · 5Londonplace · 5Nazi Partyorganization · 5U.S. Congressorganization · 4Washington, D.C.place · 4James Clement Dunnperson · 3Murray Bernaysperson · 3Polandcountry · 3Dean Achesonperson · 3War Departmentorganization · 3John Pehleperson · 3Eastern Soviet Unionplace · 2World War IIevent · 2
Claims (33)
Herbert Pell member_of
United Nations War Crimes Commission documented
“London Assembly Project, be appointed as his chief assistant and legal advisor for the UN War Crimes Commission. Gulick was probably the most authoritative legal voice in the U.S., then arguing for tough measures against the Nazis. Hackwort…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 9 @ 13:27
Green Hackworth covered_up
Herbert Pell documented
“White House passed Pell's letter back to state to draft a reply where it ended up on Hackworth's desk. All of the surviving FDR and State Department letters to Pell during 1944 were actually drafted by Hackworth. Regardless of whether the n…”
▶ The Colonel’s Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 10_11 @ 35:09
Herbert Pell member_of
Polish National Democratic Committee documented
“In 1936, Roosevelt named Pell vice chairman of the DNC committee. After the victory, Roosevelt appointed Pell to sensitive ambassadorial posts in Portugal and later Hungary. FDR's conflicts with the Foreign Service dated back to the first d…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 9 @ 5:44
Herbert Pell member_of
Warren Commission documented
“favored summary execution of Nazis without a trial. 15% called for torturing them before you killed them. So yeah, they were a little pissed off. In late January 1944, Pell wrote to Roosevelt and to Breckinridge Long, supposedly the guy tha…”
▶ The Colonel’s Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 10_11 @ 33:15
Herbert Pell member_of
Pell family documented
“anytime that he was in a meeting or in a crowd because of how well-spoken he was. The Pell family fortune can be traced back to the 17th century land grants that gave his ancestor, Sir John Pell, much of what today is the Bronx and Westches…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 9 @ 2:27
Herbert Pell member_of
United States documented
“determined to shape events in accordance to what his vision of right and wrong was. He was, as it turned out, one of the handful of men in the U.S. government who were brave enough and bullheaded enough to risk their careers to bring Nazi c…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 9 @ 3:25
Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed
Herbert Pell documented
“In 1936, Roosevelt named Pell vice chairman of the DNC committee. After the victory, Roosevelt appointed Pell to sensitive ambassadorial posts in Portugal and later Hungary. FDR's conflicts with the Foreign Service dated back to the first d…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 9 @ 5:44
Herbert Pell member_of
United Nations War Crimes Commission host_asserted
“He met with Churchill, General Eisenhower and his staff and the U.S. staff at the European Advisory Commission. Anthony Eden provided Morgenthau with confidential notes taken at Tehran concerning the Soviets and the British and what the gra…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 9:14
Herbert Pell exposed
U.S. State Department documented
“Morgenthau's group appears to have cast the first stone. Pell told columnist Drew Pearson in mid-September about the sabotage of the War Crimes Commission. The following week, Pearson followed up with revelations of FDR's stunning criticism…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 32:28
Green Hackworth covered_up
Herbert Pell documented
“as such, was nearly meaningless to Herbert Pell because he could afford to work without pay. But Hackworth knew that without a congressional appreciation for the post, Pell would be legally forced off the commission. The legal advisor sent …”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 35:14
U.S. Congress removed_from_power
Herbert Pell documented
“the appropriation for Pell, but in terms that were very clear to Congress that they did not care for Pell's work at state and it needed to be deprioritized. After several meetings, a congressional conference committee deleted Pell's salary …”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 35:42
Green Hackworth covered_up
Herbert Pell documented
“And at no time did Hackworth tell Pell what he was doing. Hackworth used the meetings to squash Pell's request to attend war crimes policy gatherings then underway at the War Department and to pour cold water on Pell's assertions that FDR w…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 36:17
Dean Acheson covered_up
Herbert Pell documented
“I thought I made it clear that nothing final and definite could be said at this time. Hackworth rebuked Pell. The U.S. representative should not act on any of his impressions. Acting Secretary of State Stenenis also knew that Pell's ouster …”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 36:43
Green Hackworth covered_up
Herbert Pell documented
“worked through the Christmas holiday to prepare the paperwork for FDR that they hoped would administer Pell's coup. They rehashed Pruess' allegations against Pell from the previous spring. And remember, Pruess was sent over there as a spy b…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 37:12
Franklin D. Roosevelt ordered_assassination_of
Herbert Pell documented
“The only real question left, they said, was whether Roosevelt should personally tell Pell that his job was over or if he preferred state do it. Roosevelt replied to Stenekis, you do it. Hackworth believed he was meanwhile making considerabl…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 37:42
Francis Biddle covered_up
Herbert Pell documented
“the use of a conspiracy prosecution against the SS and Nazi party for at least the next six months, in part due to Hackworth's prompting, Attorney General Francis Biddle, B-I-D-D-L-E, also opposed Pell's initiatives in the War Department's …”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 38:37
Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed
Herbert Pell documented
“The president met Pell for lunch at the White House. As Pell tells the story in his unpublished memoirs, FDR reassured him of continuing support and encouraged him to return to London to lead the War Crimes Commission in taking a tough stan…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 40:58
Dean Acheson removed_from_power
Herbert Pell documented
“It did not work out that way. Stenegas abruptly fired Pell without warning and with minimum courtesy. The dismissed War Crime Commissioner immediately called the White House, but FDR didn't return his phone call. Pell refused to give up and…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 41:26
Herbert Pell exposed
U.S. State Department documented
“It did not work out that way. Stenegas abruptly fired Pell without warning and with minimum courtesy. The dismissed War Crime Commissioner immediately called the White House, but FDR didn't return his phone call. Pell refused to give up and…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 41:26
U.S. State Department covered_up
Herbert Pell documented
“corporate elite. State Department issued a formal statement insisting, quite falsely, that it had supported the aims of Pell's program all along. Flat out lie. Pell became a martyr in effect for the hardline approach to Nazi crimes that had…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 43:46
Claiborne Pell succeeded
Herbert Pell documented
“Herbert Pell attempted to reverse U.S. policy in Germany after he left the government. But after a few years, he returned to a life of travel and he died in 1961. His son, Claiborne Pell, whose wedding Herbert Hoover attended, he was fired,…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 14 Final @ 44:33
Lawrence Preuss spied_on
Herbert Pell documented
“with a guy by the name of Lawrence Pruess, P-R-E-U-S-S, who was a young university lecturer whose qualifications for the New Post included a confidential agreement with Hackworth to channel all derogatory information about Pell back to Hack…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 9 @ 13:56
Herbert Pell ordered_assassination_of
Gestapo host_asserted
“and I still believe that it would have been best to hang the entire Gestapo. That's the way Pell felt about it, which you can see is why none of the people in the State Department wanted this guy in charge of anything. Pell's thinking was m…”
▶ The Colonel’s Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 10_11 @ 32:46
Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed
Herbert Pell documented
“in FDR's home state, New York. Shortly after lunch, Roosevelt sent a note to the State Department. Do you think there's a place you could use Herbert Pell? As you know, he's a devoted friend. Pell was not liked at all in the State Departmen…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 8 @ 40:02
James Clement Dunn appointed
Herbert Pell documented
“solving two problems with one appointment when he settled on Pell. It would make kudos with FDR that they were giving his guy a quote-unquote meaningful high-profile job. Meanwhile, they're all colluding for it to be a dead-end assignment. …”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 8 @ 42:00
Herbert Pell member_of
United Kingdom documented
“was completely unacceptable to them. Herbert Pell's arrival in the UK. Now, remember, Pell is the guy that no one in the State Department likes. That's the friend of FDR that they lied to for like a year trying to keep him out of the UK's w…”
▶ The Colonel’s Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 10_11 @ 30:18
Herbert Pell member_of
United Nations War Crimes Commission documented
“that was going to be ostracized too. They're not going to listen to anything that happens at the War Crimes Commission. It's basically a dead-end thing that's made to look like they're actually doing something. He wanted someone that could …”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 8 @ 41:29
Herbert Pell recruited
Lawrence Preuss host_asserted
“evidently had secret orders from the State Department to undermine Pell and the commission. So this Lawrence Press guy was sent over basically to be Pell's assistant, and he was sent over there specifically to sabotage him. Pell confronted …”
▶ The Colonel’s Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 10_11 @ 36:37
Green Hackworth removed_from_power
Herbert Pell documented
“Roosevelt did not place a high priority on the discussions over war crimes once the toughly worded condemnations of the Nazi atrocities had been noted. So he was all about words and nothing about deeds. Hackworth explicitly ordered Pell to …”
▶ The Colonel’s Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 10_11 @ 35:36
Lawrence Preuss spied_on
Herbert Pell documented
“Shouting and waving his arms, the giant Pell cornered him and insisted that Hall's narrow legalism would have to be swept aside. New law will have to be created if necessary, Pell insisted. The failure to prosecute would be a mockery of jus…”
▶ The Colonel’s Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 10_11 @ 37:05
Green Hackworth removed_from_power
Herbert Pell book_quoted
“for the Axis notables who had collaborated with the Nazi crimes. State Department legal chief Green Hackworth succeeded in engineering Pell's dismissal in early 1945. And we'll talk about this in a lot more depth later on in another chapter…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast #1 @ 41:14
Herbert Pell appointed
Franklin D. Roosevelt host_asserted
“Brian is Brian Cates is over here texting me stuff. Well, it's a post about something General Flynn posted. I'll have to look at that later. All right. So Chapter 12, Morgenthau's plan. OK, let's dig into this. We're back to talking, of cou…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 1:00
U.S. State Department targeted_for_regime_change
Herbert Pell host_asserted
“to be FDR's representative to the War Crimes Committee that everyone in the State Department is trying to sabotage. But obviously he has a lot in common with the Secretary of Treasury, Henry Morgenthau Jr., because they saw it a lot alike.…”
▶ The Colonels Corner The Splendid Blond Beast Part 11 @ 1:33
Mentions (74)
▶ 40:15
against revolution in Europe. As will be seen, a key element of his effort was the extension of a de facto amnesty to most of German's business leaders, regardless of their activities during the Third Reich. Herbert Pels, P-E-L-L-S, apostro…
▶ 40:45
a united nations um not a united nations it's called um it was because we didn't have the united nations yet but it was it doesn't refer to the actual united nations that you and i think of but it was united nations war crimes committee or …
▶ 41:44
He starved it. He stopped funding it. He sabotaged it. He sent people to spy on Pell. The guy's an evil bastard. Then a U.S. intelligence agent by the name of Ivan Kurno, K-E-R-N-O, who had worked with Allen Dulles since the 1920s and who h…
▶ 30:18
was completely unacceptable to them. Herbert Pell's arrival in the UK. Now, remember, Pell is the guy that no one in the State Department likes. That's the friend of FDR that they lied to for like a year trying to keep him out of the UK's w…
▶ 30:49
The commission existed. The members would meet once a week and decide to put off the definite organization until later. Then they would all go home. After two months of frustration, Pell turned his energy to the task of taking substantive a…
▶ 32:46
and I still believe that it would have been best to hang the entire Gestapo. That's the way Pell felt about it, which you can see is why none of the people in the State Department wanted this guy in charge of anything. Pell's thinking was m…
▶ 33:15
favored summary execution of Nazis without a trial. 15% called for torturing them before you killed them. So yeah, they were a little pissed off. In late January 1944, Pell wrote to Roosevelt and to Breckinridge Long, supposedly the guy tha…
▶ 33:46
who had committed crimes against citizens of more than one country, or who had directed inhumane policies in Germany itself. Pell was referring, obviously, to these death camps. Pell knew Breckenridge long well enough that it was pointless …
▶ 34:16
Some of those rebels were said to have been caught and persecuted by the Nazis. It does not seem to me proper to abandon these people merely because we cannot find any German statute which they had violated. FDR responded to Pell on Februar…
▶ 34:40
FDR's letter favored military rather than civilian tribunals because such people know or should know what the rules of warfare are and should be able to detect violations of those rules. In fact, however, the State Department archive shows …
▶ 35:36
Roosevelt did not place a high priority on the discussions over war crimes once the toughly worded condemnations of the Nazi atrocities had been noted. So he was all about words and nothing about deeds. Hackworth explicitly ordered Pell to …
▶ 36:06
Regardless of what Hackworth or Roosevelt may have intended, however, Pell interpreted the FDR note as support for his own hardline positions. He succeeded in convincing most of the rest of the War Crimes Commission that Roosevelt was behin…
▶ 36:37
evidently had secret orders from the State Department to undermine Pell and the commission. So this Lawrence Press guy was sent over basically to be Pell's assistant, and he was sent over there specifically to sabotage him. Pell confronted …
▶ 37:05
Shouting and waving his arms, the giant Pell cornered him and insisted that Hall's narrow legalism would have to be swept aside. New law will have to be created if necessary, Pell insisted. The failure to prosecute would be a mockery of jus…
▶ 37:34
some type of accountability. Press assignment in London was nearing its end. He leaked word of Pell's actions to the British Foreign Office before he left, painting the U.S. representative and several other commission hardliners as unstable…
▶ 38:29
and basically ensured that it was him and not the U.S. that got the chairmanship. The Foreign Office regarded Hearst as a model of experience and was unlikely to make waves, but Eden seriously underestimated his appointee. Cecil Hearst join…
▶ 1:00
Brian is Brian Cates is over here texting me stuff. Well, it's a post about something General Flynn posted. I'll have to look at that later. All right. So Chapter 12, Morgenthau's plan. OK, let's dig into this. We're back to talking, of cou…
▶ 9:14
He met with Churchill, General Eisenhower and his staff and the U.S. staff at the European Advisory Commission. Anthony Eden provided Morgenthau with confidential notes taken at Tehran concerning the Soviets and the British and what the gra…
▶ 19:36
On the legal front, Morgenthau strongly backed Pell's insistence that Nazis must be punished for crimes against Axis civilians and that tough immediate action be taken immediately to rescue Hungarian Jews that were on their way to Auschwitz…
▶ 20:33
efforts at rescue and relief were to be successful. Failure to take action against the atrocities would be a fearful miscarriage of justice, he said. Stenanus sent Pell a vague, courtesy reply, but basically ignored him. Herbert Pell contin…
▶ 21:53
The Chicago Sun and other major papers carried on their front pages a syndicated report from London stating that Herbert Pell had been fighting a losing battle for speedy justice, but others had retarded everything. The 350 names on the lis…
▶ 23:48
This infuriated Hackworth. Lobbying in the press for policy changes was strictly forbidden for U.S. representatives abroad. Worse than that, the prevailing political climate suggested that Pell might succeed in his effort. Hackworth began a…
▶ 26:20
As he saw his task, he was to defer action once again on war crimes issue until the war was over, thereby avoiding reprisals against the US POWs. In other words, he's taking his marching orders from State Department. He did not intend to de…
▶ 27:42
in both Auschwitz and other camps, unquote. Bernays' professional concern was primarily for European businesses, and they used the US POWs as the excuse. Bernays and the War Department did not create a war crimes prosecution strategy under …
▶ 31:29
On the other hand, Bernays' strategy rejected the effort led by Pell and Morgenthau to set any new legal precedents on crimes against humanity. In fact, it opposed almost any development in international law beyond a very strict structure t…
▶ 32:28
Morgenthau's group appears to have cast the first stone. Pell told columnist Drew Pearson in mid-September about the sabotage of the War Crimes Commission. The following week, Pearson followed up with revelations of FDR's stunning criticism…
▶ 34:20
put out that they were favoring a more moderate approach. After Roosevelt won re-election, Dewey retracted the charge that Morgenthau had contributed to Germany's will to fight, but by then, the political damage was already done. Let me bri…
▶ 34:47
was eager to clear the air with Roosevelt. In early December, he used the occasion of his son's marriage to return to the U.S. He hoped to win the president's backing in the debate over the atrocities. At the State Department, Green Hackwor…
▶ 35:14
as such, was nearly meaningless to Herbert Pell because he could afford to work without pay. But Hackworth knew that without a congressional appreciation for the post, Pell would be legally forced off the commission. The legal advisor sent …
▶ 35:42
the appropriation for Pell, but in terms that were very clear to Congress that they did not care for Pell's work at state and it needed to be deprioritized. After several meetings, a congressional conference committee deleted Pell's salary …
▶ 36:17
And at no time did Hackworth tell Pell what he was doing. Hackworth used the meetings to squash Pell's request to attend war crimes policy gatherings then underway at the War Department and to pour cold water on Pell's assertions that FDR w…
▶ 36:43
I thought I made it clear that nothing final and definite could be said at this time. Hackworth rebuked Pell. The U.S. representative should not act on any of his impressions. Acting Secretary of State Stenenis also knew that Pell's ouster …
▶ 37:12
worked through the Christmas holiday to prepare the paperwork for FDR that they hoped would administer Pell's coup. They rehashed Pruess' allegations against Pell from the previous spring. And remember, Pruess was sent over there as a spy b…
▶ 40:30
The importance of blocking delivery of suspects was to grow considerably in the months ahead, and eventually it emerged as one of the most important means by which war criminals escaped justice. In early January 1945, Hackworth's efforts to…
▶ 40:58
The president met Pell for lunch at the White House. As Pell tells the story in his unpublished memoirs, FDR reassured him of continuing support and encouraged him to return to London to lead the War Crimes Commission in taking a tough stan…
▶ 41:26
It did not work out that way. Stenegas abruptly fired Pell without warning and with minimum courtesy. The dismissed War Crime Commissioner immediately called the White House, but FDR didn't return his phone call. Pell refused to give up and…
▶ 41:53
to his earlier accusations that the State Department had sabotaged or obstructed the whole range of activities that were taking place overseas. Newspaper editorial writers and columnists took up Pell's cause and, more importantly, focused a…
▶ 43:17
Hitler is still safe because the U.S. State Department policy was, in PM's words, making punishment of men who perpetrated this war upon the world impossible. The firestorm of publicity forced the State Department publicly to cave in on the…
▶ 43:46
corporate elite. State Department issued a formal statement insisting, quite falsely, that it had supported the aims of Pell's program all along. Flat out lie. Pell became a martyr in effect for the hardline approach to Nazi crimes that had…
▶ 53:18
and the military government officers finding themselves in an unpleasant position because they were being graded on the efficiencies of the Nazis. Padover's study led to a scandal in reforms at about the same time the controversy over Pell'…
▶ 42:12
Department of State factions of wartime U.S. government fully achieved the goals that was sought originally by the treaty agreement. This ended up obviously affecting long-term U.S. and Soviet relations because they basically broke every pr…
▶ 44:33
Herbert Pell attempted to reverse U.S. policy in Germany after he left the government. But after a few years, he returned to a life of travel and he died in 1961. His son, Claiborne Pell, whose wedding Herbert Hoover attended, he was fired,…
▶ 39:06
Soviet-Polish hatred of each other. In early March 1943, just as the British deal with the Soviets for participation in the War Crimes Commission was about to unravel, the former U.S. ambassador to Hungary, Herbert Pell, P-E-L-L, shared an …
▶ 39:32
without an assignment since the U.S. broke diplomatic relations with Hungary in late 1941, and he inquired of Roosevelt that he might be put back to work. Herbert Pell was an anti-Nazi hardliner who had been valuable to FDR ally in pre-war …
▶ 40:02
in FDR's home state, New York. Shortly after lunch, Roosevelt sent a note to the State Department. Do you think there's a place you could use Herbert Pell? As you know, he's a devoted friend. Pell was not liked at all in the State Departmen…
▶ 40:30
When the president had inquired previously on behalf of him, he was told, absolutely not. There's no place in all of the State Department for your friend. When the president's note arrived this time, seeking a new appointment, the departmen…
▶ 41:00
which would be a dead-end position and out of the limelight. It happened to be a place where they dumped administration loyalists to keep them out of their affairs. Meanwhile, the legal advisor at state, Green Hackworth, had been seeking an…
▶ 41:29
that was going to be ostracized too. They're not going to listen to anything that happens at the War Crimes Commission. It's basically a dead-end thing that's made to look like they're actually doing something. He wanted someone that could …
▶ 42:00
solving two problems with one appointment when he settled on Pell. It would make kudos with FDR that they were giving his guy a quote-unquote meaningful high-profile job. Meanwhile, they're all colluding for it to be a dead-end assignment. …
▶ 1:06
more people in here, but I want to get through the chapter and then we will open it up for discussions as our usual arrangement. So in the last chapter, we introduced Herbert Pell, P-E-L-L, and he's going to play a reoccurring theme for bas…
▶ 1:33
a large section of the rest of the book. Very interesting fellow. And just as a reminder, he was a personal friend of FDR's that wanted to work in the aftermath of World War II for the State Department, and they didn't want to have anything…
▶ 2:03
needed to be set up. So that's kind of where we're going today. Okay. It says that he was very impressive as far as a physical presence. He was six foot, five inches tall, weighed 250 pounds. He was very wealthy and very handsome. And he st…
▶ 2:27
anytime that he was in a meeting or in a crowd because of how well-spoken he was. The Pell family fortune can be traced back to the 17th century land grants that gave his ancestor, Sir John Pell, much of what today is the Bronx and Westches…
▶ 2:55
tobacco empire, and also a major investor in New York real estate and industry. For Herbert Pell, Rockefeller's and Morgan's was considered new rich. Pell had what some called a difficult personality. He was very obstinate. He was convinced…
▶ 3:25
determined to shape events in accordance to what his vision of right and wrong was. He was, as it turned out, one of the handful of men in the U.S. government who were brave enough and bullheaded enough to risk their careers to bring Nazi c…
▶ 3:55
Pell was to sacrifice his diplomatic career rather than abandon his principle. He had from an early age shown a rebellious streak. He had dropped out of Harvard to pursue a life of travel and study. By the 1920s, Pell had lost whatever fait…
▶ 4:20
were handed them on a plate in the 1920s. Their pig light rush to immediate profits knocked over the whole feast in nine years. These are the people with an ignorance equaled only by their imprudence who set themselves up as leaders of the …
▶ 4:49
And Arthur Schlesinger Jr. said, but the aristocrat at least thought of his grandsons while the bourgeois thought only of himself. The Pell family estate at Hopewell Junction, New York, was just down the Hudson River from Roosevelt's home. …
▶ 5:18
Franklin Roosevelt encountered Bertie Pell, as FDR called him, at Harvard, where Roosevelt had completed college in three years at about the same time Pell dropped out. Pell emerged as an important supporter of Roosevelt's progressive facti…
▶ 5:44
In 1936, Roosevelt named Pell vice chairman of the DNC committee. After the victory, Roosevelt appointed Pell to sensitive ambassadorial posts in Portugal and later Hungary. FDR's conflicts with the Foreign Service dated back to the first d…
▶ 6:14
division of the State Department, which disagreed with FDR's politics. The State Department Eastern Specialists included William Bullitt, Loy Henderson, and George Kennan. They leaned towards the strategy of rapprochement with Hitler and tu…
▶ 6:42
the first U.S. ambassador to Moscow since the 1917 revolution. He increasingly viewed the German-Japanese axis as the world's most dangerous imperial force. Pell agreed, strongly backing the president in his controversies with the Foreign S…
▶ 7:12
Pell had clashed with State Department's bureaucracy as well during the time that he was an ambassador to those very same areas. Pell and Green Hackworth failed to get along almost immediately. And again, for anybody joining us, Green Hackw…
▶ 7:41
As Pell saw things, he was working directly for the president, regardless of the administrative details of his appointment. As state's legal advisor, Hackworth may have had some sort of bureaucratic oversight of Pell's paperwork, but Pell d…
▶ 8:35
It was he who was responsible for the oversight of the U.S. government's interpretation of international law, including war crimes. Pell may have been FDR's friend, but he knew little about international law or U.S. relations. For his part,…
▶ 12:57
It is clear in hindsight that the Nazis' exterminations and murders was a key element of Hackworth's work on war crimes and basically had made it obsolete by the time it was published because it didn't address this. Herbert Pell had a diffe…
▶ 13:27
London Assembly Project, be appointed as his chief assistant and legal advisor for the UN War Crimes Commission. Gulick was probably the most authoritative legal voice in the U.S., then arguing for tough measures against the Nazis. Hackwort…
▶ 13:56
with a guy by the name of Lawrence Pruess, P-R-E-U-S-S, who was a young university lecturer whose qualifications for the New Post included a confidential agreement with Hackworth to channel all derogatory information about Pell back to Hack…
▶ 14:26
Hackworth to tattletale on Pell. As Pell prepared to leave for Europe immediately following his appointment, at the last minute, the British government delayed his visa, not allowing him to leave. Wonder who arranged that. The agreement wit…
▶ 14:55
the massacres that had been announced in Poland. And both sides were still attempting to bring the allies back together. This delay stretched on for months, and Hackworth used the time to undermine and discredit FDR's nominee of Pell. More …
▶ 16:26
The SS had arranged a special transport for 3,000 women and children from the Netherlands, all of them murdered. In June, Hindler formally ordered the liquidation of the ghettos in Poland and the Nazi-occupied regions of the Soviet Union. T…
▶ 16:54
and the State Department continued to reject reports of genocide in Europe. Pell met with the Secretary of State Hall in August, but Hall seemed unable to change anything. Pell then protested directly to Roosevelt. An active war crime commi…
▶ 17:23
Is there a reason for this delay? Meanwhile, unbeknownst to Pell, the British had decided to go ahead and have a meeting without him and without the Soviets. The Foreign Office cabled Washington twice in September, asking that the meetings …
▶ 19:50
Hackworth played for time. He quietly arranged for the U.S. ambassador in London, John Wynette, W-I-N-A-N-T, to attend the first War Crimes Commission instead of Pell, who they're still leaving in the United States. There were only two cond…